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• SVIP provides integrity to kernel transitions that cannot be achieved with CFI or SECCOMP
• SVIP also provides security via Cisco Transitions and origin checks
• SVIP reduces the number of average transitions from 107 to 74 and the number of average system call locations from 107 to 3
• SVIP is fully automated and has minimal runtime overhead
• The presentation also discusses return-oriented programming and how it can be exploited by attackers using existing code in an application to perform system calls

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• Stanza smuggling attacks are a dangerous and underexplored attack surface in XMPP protocol
• Fuzzing can be used to find these types of attacks
• Stanza smuggling attacks can lead to message spoofing, interception of private communication, and even zero-click RCE

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• Container escape is a vulnerability in Kubernetes that allows an attacker to take over the underlying host by exploiting a kernel vulnerability or misconfiguration.
• Container escape can lead to the compromise of the entire node or even the entire cluster.
• Monitoring and limiting powerful permissions in the cluster can help prevent container escape.
• Separating powerful pods from untrusted or publicly exposed pods can also limit the impact of container escape.
• Audit and admission policies can be used to detect and prevent some attacks.
• Kubernetes uses authentication and authorization to control access to resources.
• An anecdote is not provided.

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• Managed database services are vulnerable to attacks due to their multi-tenant nature and simple permission models
• Cloud providers modify open source database solutions to provide admin capabilities while protecting the underlying compute
• Modifications can introduce new vulnerabilities and potential attack surfaces
• The presentation highlights vulnerabilities in Google Cloud SQL and demonstrates how to execute code via SQL queries
• Better security measures are needed to protect managed database services

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• Stuxnet and Aurora campaigns highlighted vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure and launched a new era of massive espionage and supply-chain hacks
• Despite advancements in cybersecurity, the world is still surprised by predictable threats
• Threat actors are becoming more sophisticated and consequential
• New signals in Ukraine, Iran, and the US portend future threats
• It's important to pay attention to these signals and be prepared for future threats

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• Type confusion vulnerabilities are a significant bug class that can weaken security and bypass mitigations like memory tagging and hardware solutions.
• CastGuard is a technology developed to solve illegal static downcasts in C++ to mitigate type confusion vulnerabilities.
• Dynamic cast, the current solution for downcasts, is difficult to apply to a large code base and has significant overhead.
• CastGuard is performant, has minimal impact on binary size and optimization, and can potentially be used to accelerate Dynamic cast.
• CastGuard is currently being tested in Hyper-V and will be rolled out to other Windows components in the future.

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• The configuration of the immuno can be modified to perform DMA attacks to read and write anywhere in the main physical memory
• The IUN menu is a way to protect against DMA attacks, but it is not available by default on Ubuntu
• A basic stat buffer overflow can be used to gain access to the Wi-Fi chip
• Debug mode can be enabled to gain full distribution access
• The loader used to load firmware onto the chip can be exploited to perform a time of chat to time of fuse attack

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• macOS local security is shifting towards the iOS model with every application being codesigned, sandboxed, and requiring permission to access data and features
• New security layers have been added to make it harder for malware to compromise sensitive data
• Process injection vulnerabilities can be used to break security boundaries between processes
• CVE-2021-30873 was a process injection vulnerability affecting all macOS applications
• The vulnerability was addressed in the macOS Monterey update from October 2021, but fixing it requires changes to all third-party applications
• The vulnerability was exploited to escape the macOS sandbox, elevate privileges to root, and bypass SIP

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• Security is a fourth dimension in power performance area and comes at a cost.
• Trade-offs between security and cost must be made by designers.
• Simulations are limited by CPU cores and design size.
• Manual review of designs is insufficient and statistics simulations are necessary.
• Countermeasure testing in simulation is important to address side-channel attacks.
• Masking is a common countermeasure that can be implemented in AES design.
• Optimization by synthesis tools can throw off countermeasures.
• Insight into design can help identify and fix leakage points.

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• Emerging technology involves a combination of traditional technology experience and something new, leading to a trade-off of known issues for unknown issues and complexities.
• The blockchain and cryptocurrency space has seen billions of dollars in illicit transactions and theft, leading to increased regulation.
• Inexperienced developers are creating financial products on emerging platforms with high public exposure and unexplored attack surfaces, leading to a high cost of failure and low exploitation effort and time.
• Everyone in the space is acting as their own bank, including projects, which leads to high impact when things get hacked.
• Recommendations include getting security professionals more involved, implementing threat modeling and static analysis, practicing defensive coding, and building a monitoring strategy.