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• The complexity of package and dependency management in software development makes it difficult to express boundaries between dependencies and automate the process.
• Solutions proposed include providing installation prerequisites, using a single package manager, and using general-purpose package managers such as Spack, Conda, Nix, and Guix.
• Package URLs can be used to name packages and a universal versioning system can be used to deal with version ranges.
• The universal versioning system can accommodate different versioning schemes and express version ranges in a universal way.