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• The example architecture includes an external facing service using TLS, mutual TLS for service communication, and web identity federation for accessing AWS services
• Two approaches are presented: a simple web service and a service mesh approach using Istio and OPA
• Data flow diagrams are essential for threat modeling and can be used to apply STRIDE to individual communications
• Prototyping early helps to understand technology integration and potential issues
• The presentation includes a relevant anecdote about a last-minute issue with AWS policies on S3 buckets

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• SPIFFE is an open-source framework that defines a standard for defining a workload or machine identity.
• SPIFFE can issue SVIDs in two document formats, JWT and x509, and can verify SVIDs of other workloads.
• SPIFFE has an emerging ecosystem of plugins to integrate with other tools and services.
• CSI Driver SPIFFE can be used with Cert Manager to deliver certificates to pods that are SPIFFE-compliant and attested by workload identity.
• CSI is the way that any kind of storage works in Kubernetes.

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• Policy-based governance is crucial in protecting the integrity of Ansible playbooks and ensuring a consistent approach to managing clusters
• Best practices can be represented as policies, managed like source code, and deployed using GitHub's methodology
• Benefits include reduced operational costs, continuous security and audit readiness, and efficient day-to-day collaboration among various personas
• The Kubernetes Policy Workgroup's white paper on policy management and the Open Cluster Management CNCF Sandbox project enable the policy-based governance approach

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• Challenges in payments processing include a large volume of transactions, reliability and durability, and maintenance of external payment infrastructures
• The architecture before the multi-cloud project involved payment services hosted in AWS and a hybrid architecture with two data centers hosted by partners at Equinix
• Moving to cloud-agnostic technologies, specifically Kubernetes, allowed for the same development and deployment experience regardless of cloud provider and enabled automation of deployment, scaling, and management of applications
• Networking and service discovery were identified as the most difficult part of going to multi-cloud, but Kubernetes allowed for high availability and flexibility for clients to connect to whichever payment service they preferred

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• The need for companies to maintain strict compliance with data privacy regulations is increasing, making a multi-cloud strategy the most effective and efficient approach.
• Multi-cloud strategy offers improved security, better failover options, enhanced disaster recovery, and improved flexibility and scalability.
• The challenges of managing multi-container clusters include workload fragmentation, resource scheduling, and vendor locking.
• Kubernetes Commander is an open and cloud-native multi-cloud orchestration engine that provides a central control line for managing multi-cloud clusters.
• Easter is a service mesh project that facilitates inter-cloud communication by securely encrypting traffic and providing DNS resolution.
• Flat network and different network models have their own advantages and challenges for implementing a multi-cloud strategy.

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• Microservices deployment can benefit from eventual consistency
• Eventual consistency can address data consistency, latency, reliability, and disaster recovery problems
• Hosted database solutions may not provide 100% consistency and may be a single point of failure
• Long-running connections need to be reconnected to ensure high availability

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• The Universal Zero Trust Workload Identity project aims to strengthen security by executing cloud provider-specific and platform attestation.
• It supports different identity mechanisms using consistent universal identity schema.
• The project uses Kubernetes and can be deployed on any cloud provider.
• The project is still in development and is open to feedback and contributions.
• The presentation includes a demo of the project using AWS and Vault to retrieve secrets.
• The project has Helm charts and YouTube videos available for deployment and learning.

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• A knowledge graph can provide a map of all digital assets and their relationships, allowing for a contextual view of data
• Importing data from various sources, such as HR tools, can create an abstract layer for the knowledge graph
• Using a knowledge graph can surface vulnerabilities and prioritize mediation
• Managed services, such as Amazon Web Services Neptune, can be leveraged for a graph database system
• Tools like Cartography and OpenCSPM can be used to map assets and create relationships